Ulan ÚMITQALIEV, L.N. Gýmılev atyndaǵy EUÝ Arheologııa jáne etnologııa kafedrasynyń meńgerýshisi, etnograf, arheolog:
Bozoq qalasy týraly alǵashqy derekti orys ǵalymy Ivan Shangın qaldyrǵan bolatyn. Keıin Altyn adam tapqan Kemel Aqyshev aǵamyz Bozoq qala jurtyn tapqan.
Elordamyz Astana qalasynyń turǵan jeri myńjyldyq tarıhy bar oryn. Óıtkeni Astananyń tarıhy sonaý erte ǵasyrlardan bastalady. Sonaý 7-ǵasyrdan bastap tarıhyn shejirelegen ıen dalaǵa, halyq jaı kele salyp ornyqpady. Bul jer myń jurt kelip, myń jurt ketken jer boldy. Naqtyly tarıhı jáne arheologııalyq zertteýler boıynsha bul jurttyń aty – Bozoq qalasy dep ataldy.
Bozoq qalasy - bizdiń zertteýlerimiz boıynsha qola dáýiriniń, kóne tas dáýiriniń keıingi orta ǵasyr dáýirleriniń qalashyǵy. Astana irgesinen 17 shaqyrymy qashyqtyqta jatqan qala Deshti Qypshaq handyǵynyń ordasy bolǵan. 1998 jyldan bastap, arheolog mamandar bul jerdi jiti zertteý ústine aldy. Alaıda Astananyń túp qazyǵy deýge laıyq qalashyq áli kúnge deıin ashyq, eshqandaı qorshaýsyz jatyr.
Bozoq qalasy týraly alǵashqy derekti orys ǵalymy Ivan Shangın qaldyrǵan bolatyn. Keıin altyn adam tapqan Kemel Aqyshev aǵamyz Bozoq qala jurtyn tapqan. Arheolog ǵalym, Qorǵaljyn tas jolymen kele jatyp, ońǵa qaraı túsip ketetin joldy kórip, kólik júrgizýshisine aıtyp, sol jerge turaqtaǵan. Sodan Bozoqty kóliniń bıikteý ortasynda ornalasqan jerinen ortaǵasyrlyq qala jurtynyń qaldyǵyn kórgen. Kemekeń 10 jylǵa jýyq arheologııalyq zertteý jumystaryn júrgizip, Saryarqa tósindegi Bozoq qalasyn qazaq tarıhyna qosqan bolatyn.
Akademık Astana Almatydan Saryarqa tósine kóshkende, bul túgi joq qý dala dep, el ishinde aıtyla bastaǵan alyp-qashpa áńgimelerdi joqqa shyǵarý úshin Astananyń túp-tamyry qaıda jatqanyn zerdeleýge bel býǵan. Sol jolda erinbeı eńbektenip, onyń izin Kemel Aqyshev aǵamyzdyń shákirtteri jalǵap, tarıhı ordanyń qundy jádigerlerin, tarıhı eskertkishterin topyraq astynan qaıta tiriltti. Bul endi Astana qalasynyń tarıhy tereńde jatqandyǵynyń bir kýási.
Sondaı-aq Bozoq qalasynyń bir ereksheligi, ońtústik ólkelerdegi sııaqty keremet qamaldary, rabadtary men ıtadelderi bar shahrıstannan turatyn emes, dala mádenıetine tán, han saraılarynyń, kóshpendi halyqtyń jaz jaılaýǵa shyqqan qalasy bolǵan. Bul negizinen erteden tabıǵaty qońyrjaı salqyn, jaz jaılaýǵa qonatyn ólke. Qazaqstannyń Saryarqasynan, Jańaraqa ólkesinen, Baıanaýyl men Kókshetaý óńirlerinen árbir taýdyń qystaýyn mekendegen tynysh jatqan halyq, úlken-úlken tekti áýletter osy jerge kelip jaz jaılaýyn ótkizip, Bozoqty sııaqty qala jurtyna mekendegen. Úsh-tórt aı boıy osy jerde tórt-túligin baǵyp, qymyzyn sapyryp, úlken eldik daýlyq máselelerdi osy jerlerde sheshken. Kúzge qaraı qalanyń ornynan ıe bolatyn kedeı-kepshikter, jataqtardy qaldyryp ketetin bolǵan. Bunyń bári bizdiń tujyrymdarymyz boıynsha zerttelip, tarazylandy. Bozoq ta úlken qamal salynbaýynyń basty sebebi de osyda. Alaıda bul múldem túkte, eshnársesi joq, qur kıiz úıler ǵana tigilgen qala deýge de bolmaıdy. Arheologııalyq qazba jumystary barysynda birneshe or qazylǵan shuńqyrlar bolǵan, olarǵa sý toltyrylǵan, ishki jáne syrtqy qamaldary bolǵan, ortasynda munara bolǵan, birneshe meshittiń oryndary tabylǵan.
Áńgimelesken Altynbek QUMYRZAQULY
